Science and Exploration

dreadgeek · 08-06-2013, 08:03 PM

I know, it doesn't look scary. It's actually kind of beautiful which is why I'm using it as my current desktop background. But what *is* it? It's a map of orbits of every *known* Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (PHA). In other words, the map of every rock larger than 460 feet that has an orbit that passes uncomfortably close to the Earth. Close, because we're talking about space here, means within 5 million miles. To give you a sense of scale, the Moon is ~250,000 miles from the Earth. Five million seems like a lot of distance but when you consider that when it is at its closest, Venus is 38 million miles away. So we're talking very big numbers. The problem is that Earth has a serious gravitational pull and something within 5 million miles of the Earth is certainly going to be influenced by its gravity. How many objects are we talking about? Around 1,400! That's when it gets scary.

The reason why the size matters is that mass matters. Earth actually gets hit on occasion by fairly small pieces of rock but it's the large pieces that wreak havoc on the planet. That said, nothing in that graphic is in any real serious danger of hitting the planet in the next century. But longer out...? Something around 1,000 feet strikes the Earth approximately every 80,000 years. To give you sense of scale here, the asteroid that most likely blasted a chunk out of the Yucatan peninsula and likely delivered the coup de grace to the dinosaurs was somewhere in the range of 6 miles in diameter. Think Manhattan hitting the Earth.

Image page

Cheers
Aj

Electrocell · 08-16-2013, 10:10 AM

Brain-eating amoebas: What you need to know

Naegleria fowleri: A look at the brain-eating amoeba and how to avoid it.

Rex Features

A look at brain tissue infected with Naegleria fowleri.
MSN News 3 hr ago | By Heather Smith, MSN News of MSN News

Florida health officials have issued a warning for swimmers after a boy contracted Naegleria fowleri. Here's what you need to know about the deadly amoeba.

The Florida Department of Health has issued a warning for swimmers after a 12-year-old boy in the southwestern part of the state contracted a rare brain infection caused by Naegleria Fowleri (N. fowleri) while knee boarding with some friends in a water-filled ditch. Officials said that high water temperatures and low water levels combine to create the perfect breeding ground for N. fowleri, and warned the public "to be wary when swimming, jumping or diving in freshwater."

This latest case of infection comes less than a month after an Arkansas girl ended up in a hospital, fighting for her life. Here, we look at what it is and how to avoid the sometimes deadly brain-eating amoeba.

What is it?

N. fowleri is an amoeba that lives in warm freshwater, such as ponds, lakes and hot springs. It also thrives in the soil around it. Normally, it eats the bacteria found in these places, but when presented with the opportunity, it will eat brains. There is no evidence of this organism living in salt water. It is an amoeba belonging to the groups Percolozoa or Heterolobosea.

The amoeba invades the body and causes a rare brain infection known as primary amebic meningoencephalitis, or PAM, that eats away at brain tissue and is usually fatal, according to the Centers for Disease Control.

How do you get it?

N. fowleri invades the central nervous system through the nose. From there, the amoeba moves the along olfactory nerve fibers into the brain, where it uses its suckers to devour brain cells. It's difficult to treat because by the time it's been diagnosed, it's already caused significant damage.

N. fowleri is most often caught by people who have been swimming underwater, but it's also thought to be transmitted through inhaling infected dust. Last year, two people died in Louisiana after they used tap water to flush out their sinuses.

Where does it thrive?

Freshwater — especially warm freshwater. Most cases have occurred in Southern or Southwestern states, especially Texas and Florida. It's been known to show up in swimming pools and hot tubs that haven't been properly chlorinated. Last month, a popular water park in Arkansas voluntarily closed after a 12-year old girl who swam there was diagnosed with N. fowleri

How can you avoid them?

N. fowleri infections are very rare — they've only killed 128 Americans between 1962 and 2012, according to the Centers for Disease Control. But you can reduce your risk of catching it by keeping your head out of the water when you're swimming in water that hasn't been chlorinated. If you're flushing your sinuses, be sure to use distilled or recently boiled water.

How is it treated?

N. fowleri is treated with antifungals, antibiotics and steroids. The most recent survivor, a 12-year-old girl infected at an Arkansas water park, was also treated with an experimental breast cancer drug.

——

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08-06-2013, 08:03 PM	#1
dreadgeek Power Femme How Do You Identify?: Cinnamon spiced, caramel colored, power-femme Preferred Pronoun?: She Relationship Status: Married to a wonderful horse girl Join Date: Oct 2009 Location: Lat: 45.60 Lon: -122.60 Posts: 1,733 My Photo Gallery Thanks: 1,132 Thanked 6,841 Times in 1,493 Posts Rep Power: 21474852	The Scariest Picture in the World I know, it doesn't look scary. It's actually kind of beautiful which is why I'm using it as my current desktop background. But what is it? It's a map of orbits of every known Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (PHA). In other words, the map of every rock larger than 460 feet that has an orbit that passes uncomfortably close to the Earth. Close, because we're talking about space here, means within 5 million miles. To give you a sense of scale, the Moon is ~250,000 miles from the Earth. Five million seems like a lot of distance but when you consider that when it is at its closest, Venus is 38 million miles away. So we're talking very big numbers. The problem is that Earth has a serious gravitational pull and something within 5 million miles of the Earth is certainly going to be influenced by its gravity. How many objects are we talking about? Around 1,400! That's when it gets scary. The reason why the size matters is that mass matters. Earth actually gets hit on occasion by fairly small pieces of rock but it's the large pieces that wreak havoc on the planet. That said, nothing in that graphic is in any real serious danger of hitting the planet in the next century. But longer out...? Something around 1,000 feet strikes the Earth approximately every 80,000 years. To give you sense of scale here, the asteroid that most likely blasted a chunk out of the Yucatan peninsula and likely delivered the coup de grace to the dinosaurs was somewhere in the range of 6 miles in diameter. Think Manhattan hitting the Earth. Image page Cheers Aj __________________ Proud member of the reality-based community. "People on the side of The People always ended up disappointed, in any case. They found that The People tended not to be grateful or appreciative or forward-thinking or obedient. The People tended to be small-minded and conservative and not very clever and were even distrustful of cleverness. And so, the children of the revolution were faced with the age-old problem: it wasn’t that you had the wrong kind of government, which was obvious, but that you had the wrong kind of people. As soon as you saw people as things to be measured, they didn’t measure up." (Terry Pratchett)

08-16-2013, 10:10 AM	#2
Electrocell Member How Do You Identify?: Stonebutch Preferred Pronoun?: he/hy Join Date: Jun 2011 Location: TN Posts: 1,334 My Photo Gallery Thanks: 7,535 Thanked 2,768 Times in 981 Posts Rep Power: 21474852	Guess this is where I post this Brain-eating amoebas: What you need to know Naegleria fowleri: A look at the brain-eating amoeba and how to avoid it. Rex Features A look at brain tissue infected with Naegleria fowleri. MSN News 3 hr ago \| By Heather Smith, MSN News of MSN News Florida health officials have issued a warning for swimmers after a boy contracted Naegleria fowleri. Here's what you need to know about the deadly amoeba. The Florida Department of Health has issued a warning for swimmers after a 12-year-old boy in the southwestern part of the state contracted a rare brain infection caused by Naegleria Fowleri (N. fowleri) while knee boarding with some friends in a water-filled ditch. Officials said that high water temperatures and low water levels combine to create the perfect breeding ground for N. fowleri, and warned the public "to be wary when swimming, jumping or diving in freshwater." This latest case of infection comes less than a month after an Arkansas girl ended up in a hospital, fighting for her life. Here, we look at what it is and how to avoid the sometimes deadly brain-eating amoeba. What is it? N. fowleri is an amoeba that lives in warm freshwater, such as ponds, lakes and hot springs. It also thrives in the soil around it. Normally, it eats the bacteria found in these places, but when presented with the opportunity, it will eat brains. There is no evidence of this organism living in salt water. It is an amoeba belonging to the groups Percolozoa or Heterolobosea. The amoeba invades the body and causes a rare brain infection known as primary amebic meningoencephalitis, or PAM, that eats away at brain tissue and is usually fatal, according to the Centers for Disease Control. How do you get it? N. fowleri invades the central nervous system through the nose. From there, the amoeba moves the along olfactory nerve fibers into the brain, where it uses its suckers to devour brain cells. It's difficult to treat because by the time it's been diagnosed, it's already caused significant damage. N. fowleri is most often caught by people who have been swimming underwater, but it's also thought to be transmitted through inhaling infected dust. Last year, two people died in Louisiana after they used tap water to flush out their sinuses. Where does it thrive? Freshwater — especially warm freshwater. Most cases have occurred in Southern or Southwestern states, especially Texas and Florida. It's been known to show up in swimming pools and hot tubs that haven't been properly chlorinated. Last month, a popular water park in Arkansas voluntarily closed after a 12-year old girl who swam there was diagnosed with N. fowleri How can you avoid them? N. fowleri infections are very rare — they've only killed 128 Americans between 1962 and 2012, according to the Centers for Disease Control. But you can reduce your risk of catching it by keeping your head out of the water when you're swimming in water that hasn't been chlorinated. If you're flushing your sinuses, be sure to use distilled or recently boiled water. How is it treated? N. fowleri is treated with antifungals, antibiotics and steroids. The most recent survivor, a 12-year-old girl infected at an Arkansas water park, was also treated with an experimental breast cancer drug. —— Join MSN News on social Share your point of view with us on Facebook Get the latest news and updates on Twitter See photos and videos on Tumblr __________________ Love and accept me for me not someone you want me to be.